Exploring the Role of Third Party Logistic (TPL) Companies as Enablers for Collaborative Systems and Blue Ocean Strategy in Supply Chain Management

Abstract

[eng] This doctoral thesis investigates the potential of third-party logistics (TPL) companies as key facilitators of collaborative systems and the implementation of the blue ocean strategy within the realm of supply chain management (SCM). The research is motivated by the need to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of logistic operations by leveraging the capabilities of TPL companies and exploring new avenues for their involvement in SCM. The thesis begins with a comprehensive bibliometric study spanning the last two decades, focusing on the research landscape surrounding TPL companies. Additionally, an exhaustive literature review is conducted to understand the possibilities and untapped potential of TPL companies as enablers for collaborative systems among various supply chain stakeholders. This investigation reveals a significant research gap and highlights the opportunity for TPL companies to assume a more prominent role in shaping the future of SCM. Building upon these findings, the thesis then delves into a detailed analysis of the factors influencing logistic operations through a model comprising eight key dimensions. The research employs partial least squares (PLS) and draws insights from a survey conducted with logistics professionals in Spanish companies. The results support the hypothesis that TPL companies can contribute to improving SCM efficiency, particularly through their active participation in daily supply chain operations. The practical implications underscore the logical and feasible integration of TPL companies as strategic partners, capable of fostering collaborative approaches within supply networks, such as the implementation of Collaborative Planning Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR) systems. Moreover, this thesis expands the investigation to examine the relationship between the implementation of the blue ocean strategy and the operation of TPL companies. By conducting a systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies published in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, the research provides a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature. Although limited in number, the selected research papers indicate the favorable outcomes of employing the blue ocean strategy, allowing companies to transcend direct competition and focus on innovation. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence directly linking outsourced logistics systems with the application of the blue ocean strategy. In conclusion, this doctoral thesis emphasizes the need for further exploration and substantiation of the benefits associated with implementing the blue ocean strategy in conjunction with TPL operations. The findings provide compelling evidence supporting the advantages of both collaborative systems and the blue ocean strategy for company growth, innovative product development, and expanded customer reach. This research opens up an intriguing path for future investigations, encouraging scholars to delve deeper into this area and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in supply chain management, particularly with regard to the role of TPL companies and the application of the blue ocean strategy.