Calidad de vida del paciente a los seis meses del alta de una unidad de cuidados intensivos

Abstract

La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) constituye una importante variable de medida del impacto que tiene la enfermedad, su tratamiento y hospitalización sobre el paciente, especialmente después de una enfermedad critica y su ingreso en una unidad de cuidados críticos (UCI). Método: Estudio observacional de carácter longitudinal, pacientes ingresados en UCI del 18 de septiembre del 2020 al 18 de abril del 2021. El objetivo principal fue medir la CVRS del paciente a los 6 meses del alta. Resultados: de los 125 pacientes incluidos, 39 fallecieron antes de los 6 meses, 86 pacientes completaron el cuestionario de CVRS. Encontramos un aumento de los problemas con la movilidad 34,9%, el auto-cuidado 19,8%, actividades cotidianas 40,7%, dolor/malestar 22,1% y un 26,8% mas de ansiedad/depresión, de la que tenían antes de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: La CVRS de los pacientes esta disminuida a los 6 meses del alta de UCI

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important variable to determine the impact that the disease, its treatment and hospitalisation have on the patient, especially after a critical illness and admission into an intensive care unit (ICU). Method: A two-phase mixed method was used: a quantitative method, to describe the HRQOL six months after being discharged from the ICU, and a qualitative method, by means of semi-structured interviews used for an intentional sample, to find out about the patients’ experiences when they were in the ICU. Results: 86 patients completed the HRQOL questionnaire six months after being discharged from hospital. An increase in the five areas was observed, especially in daily activities 40.7%, in mobility 34.9%, and 26.8% more of anxiety/depression. The patients also found it difficult not having their family members with them while they were in hospital. Conclusions: The HRQOL of the patients had deteriorated 6 months after having been discharged from the ICU.