Digitalização da televisão por ondas em Moçambique: o papel da televisão de Moçambique no processo (2006 - 2017)

Abstract

A tese discute o processo da digitalização da televisão por ondas em Moçambique, o papel da Televisão de Moçambique no processo, no intervalo de (2006-2017). Este título serve do objecto do estudo, sob o argumento de que a digitalização da televisão em Moçambique pretende elevar o nível de oferta do serviço de televisão com maior qualidade baseado em padrões internacionais. A partir de uma subscrição dos países membros da Uniao Internacionalda Comunicações (UIT) em 2006, e na base das recomendações da Comunidade de Desenvolvimento da África Austral (SADC), em Novembro de 2010, Moçambique adoptou o padrão europeu de televisão, designado DVB-T2 para Televisão Digital Terrestre, uma decisão conjunta do blocodos países SADC. A escolha colectiva do padrão pretende um equilíbrio rumo à convergência tecnológico e de conteúdos para reduzir as assimetrias na região, bem como valorizar as culturas locais a partir da produção de conteúdos próprio. Do ponto de vista metodológico, este estudo adoptou a pesquisa bibliográfica para o aprofundamento dos aspectos conceituais ligados à digitalização da televisão em Moçambique e a pesquisa documental, em particular, os documentos de entidades estatais e de outros organismos que participam na definição e implementação do processo de digitalização no país. Constatou-se que a implementação do processo da TDT resulta de um investimento estrangeiro da StarTimes Technology da China, que ganhou um concurso internacional lançado pelo Governo de Moçambique em 2016. Em 2011, o Governo moçambicano criou a Comissao Nacional para Migração Digital (COMID) O processo da TDT é baseado numa estratégia da migração da radiodifusão terrestre analógica para digital em Moçambique, aprovada em 2014. Moçambique não respondeu o desafio de terminar com as emissões analógicas, cujo prazo era de 17 de Junho de 2015. No entanto, oprocesso encontra-se bastante avançado, orçado em US$ 165 milhões que incluem a instalação da rede de emissores, a digitalização dos estudos da TVM, a disponibilização de 400 mil Set Top Box (STB) e a construção de um edifício em v Maputo, um espaço que onde funcionará a empresa de Transporte Multiplexação Transmissão (TMT) e parte da TVM. A TMT é a única empresa, pública, que irá distribuir o sinal de todas as televisões nacionais através da sua rede de emissores, mediante o pagamento de uma taxa ainda não publicada. A eleião da TVM para estudo de caso está ligada ao papel histórico da televisão em Moçambique, também por ser a televisão pública indicada para migração da televisão onde o Estado tem feito maiores investimentos. Constatamos que o seu papel é bastante relevante ao participar de todo o processo integrando diferentes equipas, oferecendo os seus meios tecnológicos, financeiros, humanos e infraestruturais. Predominam fraquezas no domínio holístico dos processos, fraca visão, atrasos e adiamentos, pouca clareza e baixo nível da execução do plano de comunicação.

The thesis discusses the digitization of terrestrial television in Mozambique, the role of Television of Mozambique in the process, in the range of (2006-2017). This title serves as the object of the study, arguing that digitization of television in Mozambique is intended to raise the level of supply of the highest quality television service based on international standards. Based on a subscription from the International Teleommunications Union (ITU) member countries in 2006 and based on the recommendations of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), in November 2010, Mozambique adopted the European television standard, called DVB- T2 for Digital Terrestrial Television, a joint decision by the SADC countries. The collective choice of the standard aims to strike a balance towards technological and content convergence to reduce asymmetries in the region, as well as to value local cultures through the production of their own content. From a methodological point of view, this study adopted bibliographic research to deepen the conceptual aspects related to the digitization of television in Mozambique of state entities and other organizations that participate in the definition and implementation process. The implementation of the DTT process was found to be the result of a foreign investment by StarTimes Technology of China, which won an international tender launched by the Government of Mozambique in 2016. In 2011, the Mozambican Government created the National Commission for Digital Migration (COMID). The DTT process is based on a strategy of migration from analogue to digital terrestrial broadcasting in Mozambique, approved in 2014. Mozambique has not responded to the challenge of ending analogue emissions, which was due on 17 June 2015. However, the process is well advanced, budgeted at US $ 165 million including the installation of the network of emitters, the digitization of TVM studies, the availability of 400,000 Set Top Box (STB) and the construction of a building in Maputo, a space where will operate the Transport Multiplexation Transmission (TMT) company and part of TVM. TMT vii is the only public company that will distribute the signal of all national televisions through its network of broadcasters for an unpublished fee. The election of TVM for casual study is linked to the historical role of television in Mozambique, also because it is the public television indicated for the migration of television where the state has made major investments. We realize that your role is quite relevant in participating in the whole process by integrating different teams, offering their technological, financial, human and infrastructural means. Weaknesses in the holistic domain of processes, poor vision, delays and postponements, poor clarity and low level of communication plan execution predominate.

The thesis discusses the digitization of terrestrial television in Mozambique, the role of Television of Mozambique in the process, in the range of (2006-2017). This title serves as the object of the study, arguing that digitization of television in Mozambique is intended to raise the level of supply of the highest quality television service based on international standards. Based on a subscription from the International Teleommunications Union (ITU) member countries in 2006 and based on the recommendations of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), in November 2010, Mozambique adopted the European television standard, called DVB- T2 for Digital Terrestrial Television, a joint decision by the SADC countries. The collective choice of the standard aims to strike a balance towards technological and content convergence to reduce asymmetries in the region, as well as to value local cultures through the production of their own content. From a methodological point of view, this study adopted bibliographic research to deepen the conceptual aspects related to the digitization of television in Mozambique of state entities and other organizations that participate in the definition and implementation process. The implementation of the DTT process was found to be the result of a foreign investment by StarTimes Technology of China, which won an international tender launched by the Government of Mozambique in 2016. In 2011, the Mozambican Government created the National Commission for Digital Migration (COMID). The DTT process is based on a strategy of migration from analogue to digital terrestrial broadcasting in Mozambique, approved in 2014. Mozambique has not responded to the challenge of ending analogue emissions, which was due on 17 June 2015. However, the process is well advanced, budgeted at US $ 165 million including the installation of the network of emitters, the digitization of TVM studies, the availability of 400,000 Set Top Box (STB) and the construction of a building in Maputo, a space where will operate the Transport Multiplexation Transmission (TMT) company and part of TVM. TMT vii is the only public company that will distribute the signal of all national televisions through its network of broadcasters for an unpublished fee. The election of TVM for casual study is linked to the historical role of television in Mozambique, also because it is the public television indicated for the migration of television where the state has made major investments. We realize that your role is quite relevant in participating in the whole process by integrating different teams, offering their technological, financial, human and infrastructural means. Weaknesses in the holistic domain of processes, poor vision, delays and postponements, poor clarity and low level of communication plan execution predominate.